Avar-Andian etymology : Query result

Protoform: *č̣VrV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: arrow, ramrod

Avar: č̣or

Chadakolob: č̣or

Comments: Av. paradigm A (gen. č̣óri-l); but Chad. C (č̣oró-l, č̣óra-l). Av. > Arch. č̣or 'arrow'.

Protoform: *č̣ʷirV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 quail 2 sparrow 3 bird

Avar: č̣orólo 1

Chamalal: č̣or 3

Tindi: č̣uri-ʁaʁa 1

Comments: Cf. also Cham. Gad. č̣oru 'bird', U.-Gakv. č̣or, Gig. č̣ura 'sparrow'.

Protoform: *č̣ʷoli

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: leather strip

Avar: č̣oló

Chadakolob: č̣oló

Andian language: č̣ol

Akhvakh: č̣ali

Chamalal: č̣al

Tindi: č̣ʷali

Karata: č̣ʷale

Godoberi: č̣ali

Comments: Av. paradigm B (č̣alí-l, č̣alá-l; Chad. č̣ilí-l, č̣alá-l).

Protoform: *č̣ʷV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to go to ruin 2 to scatter about

Avar: č̣ú-nt- 1

Chamalal: č̣e-d- 2

Tindi: č̣ē- 2

Comments: The Av. form has an expressive suffix. With another suffix cf. Cham. Gig. č̣i-b- 'to throw out, scatter about'. The root is more widely spread within the derivate *č̣ʷa(r)-dV: cf. Av. č̣ʷad, č̣ʷadan, Chad. č̣urdan, And. č̣adil (Khaidakov), Akhv. č̣ʷãda, Kar. č̣ʷade, Anch. č̣ʷare, Tok. č̣odi 'ruins'. The Av. forms were borrowed in Tsez. languages: Tsez., Gin. č̣ʷad, Gunz. č̣odan, Bezht. Tlad., Khosh. č̣ödän.

Protoform: *č̣ʷVn-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to flay,strip 3 to cleave

Akhvakh: č̣ʷab- 2

Chamalal: č̣un-al- 3

Comments: The Akhv. form is probably denasalized < *č̣ʷam- < *č̣ʷan-. It is necessary to keep this root (with labialised *č̣ʷ) apart from PA *=ič̣- / *č̣in- 'to kill; break, split' q.v., although they are close semantically and phonetically and could have partially merged in some languages (it concerns, in particular, the Av. form č̣ʷa- 'to kill' which is probably a contamination of these two roots).

Protoform: *-d-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: plural

Avar: -du-l

Andian language: -du-l, -di-l

Akhvakh: -da, -di, -do

Chamalal: -di

Tindi: -da / -ja

Karata: -di, -b-di, -ba-di, -al-di

Botlikh: -de, -di, -da-ʎi, -di-ʎi, -r-di

Bagvalal: -da-ri, -ba-di, -di

Godoberi: -di, -be-di, -al-di

Protoform: [*-dA]

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: negative gerund

Chamalal: -da

Protoform: *dadV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 father 2 daddy

Avar: dadá 2

Chadakolob: dedé 1

Andian language: dada 2

Akhvakh: dada 2

Chamalal: dad 2

Comments: A "nursery word", widely spread as a term of endearment in Av.-Andian languages. Cf. also Cham. Gig. dadi 'daddy', ima-dadi 'grandfather' (lit. "father's daddy"). An Andian (or Avar) source is also probable for Inkh. dada 'daddy' (in Tsezian the root is not used except in Inkh.). Without reduplication cf. Av. áda 'aunt'.

Protoform: *daha- (~ o)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 small 2 few

Avar: dáha-b 2

Chadakolob: dáha-b 1,2

Chamalal: dah 2

Tindi: dahar 2

Comments: Avar > Tsez. dahaw, Gin. dah 'few', Bezht., Gunz. dahab id.

Protoform: *da(HV)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: gum (in mouth)

Avar: da

Chadakolob: da-b

Andian language: da-b

Akhvakh: da-bul (Tseg.)

Karata: da-be

Comments: All Andian languages (and some Av. dialects) reflect a plural form corresponding to Av. pl. da-bí 'gums'.

Protoform: *dalV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: stick

Avar: dal (Gid.)

Comments: The dialectal Av. (Gid.) form is cited from Mikailov 1959.

Protoform: *dan(H)V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sheep, ewe

Andian language: dan

Comments: Isolated in And., but having good external parallels.

Protoform: *darq̇ʷa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: weasel, marten

Andian language: darGʷa

Comments: Attested only in And., but having a good Lak. parallel.

Protoform: *-di

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: erg. / instrum.

Andian language: -di

Akhvakh: -de

Chamalal: -d

Tindi: -di / -ji

Botlikh: -di

Bagvalal: -d, -(V)-r

Godoberi: -di

Protoform: *di-n

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: I (1st p. pr.)

Avar: dun

Chadakolob: dun

Andian language: din

Akhvakh: dene

Chamalal: dī̃

Tindi: de

Karata: den

Botlikh: den(i)

Bagvalal: dẽ

Godoberi: den

Protoform: *dodʷV / *didʷV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 churn 2 jug, pitcher 3 wheel

Avar: dad 1

Akhvakh: dadi 2 (Ratl.)

Chamalal: dudu 3 (Gig.)

Karata: didu 3

Bagvalal: darʷ 1

Comments: Av. dad > Arch. dad 'big earthenware jug'.

Protoform: *du-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: thou (obl. base)

Avar: du-

Chadakolob: du-

Andian language: du-

Akhvakh: du-

Chamalal: du-

Tindi: du-

Karata: du-

Botlikh: du-

Bagvalal: du-

Godoberi: du-

Comments: The stem *du- is used in Av.-And. languages in all cases except nominative and ergative (where *mi-n, Av. mu-n is used; Avar uses du- also in ergative, having thus restricted mun to the nominative case).

Protoform: *-du

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 perfect, absol. past 2 past gerund 3 past participle

Andian language: [aor.+]d:u 1

Chamalal: -dw 2, -da 3

Protoform: *dV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: that (demonstr. pronoun)

Avar: do-b

Andian language: hu-du-, he-de-

Akhvakh: hu-du-

Chamalal: u-da-

Tindi: o-ja-

Karata: wu-du-

Botlikh: do-b

Godoberi: ho-do-,hu-do-

Comments: In most Avaro-Andian languages the demonstrative stem *dV- is used for denoting objects situated on the same level with the speaker (usually - but not necessarily - far from him).

Protoform: *-dV-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 desiderative 2 conditional

Andian language: [aor.+]do 1

Akhvakh: -da-li 1

Chamalal: [past+]-da 2